Results

Atezolizumab is in clinical development, in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy, for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer, who have received no prior systemic therapy (a drug which travels through the bloodstream and affects the whole body). Urothelial cancer, a subset of bladder cancer, occurs on the lining of the bladder, and other parts of the urinary system. In advanced urothelial cancer, the cancer has grown into deeper layers including connective tissue or muscle. Metastatic urothelial cancer occurs when the cancer has spread to other parts of the body, such as the liver or bones.

AMG 510 is in clinical development for the treatment of adults with KRASG12C mutated, metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). NSCLC is the most common form of lung cancer and a small proportion of patients with NSCLC have tumours which carry the genetic mutation KRASG12C. Metastatic NSCLC describes tumours that have spread from the lungs to other parts of the body. Current NSCLC treatment depends largely on the stage of the cancer and any genetic mutations identified in the tumours and can include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted cancer drugs and immunotherapy. Despite a wide range of treatments being available for lung cancers, there are currently no approved treatments for KRASG12C mutated, metastatic NSCLC.

Pembrolizumab in addition to docetaxel is in clinical development for patients with prostate cancer which has spread from its original site (i.e. is metastatic), is untreatable via testosterone suppression therapy (i.e. is castration resistant), and where the patient has not received chemotherapy (i.e. chemotherapy-naïve). Prostate cancer is a cancer of the prostate gland (a small organ in a man’s pelvis) and is the most common cancer in men in the UK. There are three stages: localised, locally advanced and advanced (or metastatic) prostate cancer. The symptoms may vary depending on the stage of cancer but can include pain, tiredness, and problems emptying the bladder and the bowels.

Naxitamab is a type of protein that has been designed to recognise and attach to a specific structure called GD2 that is present in high amounts on the surface of neuroblastoma cells, but not normal cells. Naxitamab attaches to the neuroblastoma cells and activates the immune system, which then kills the cancer cells. If licensed, naxitamab in combination with GM-CSF may provide a treatment option for patients with relapsed/refractory high-risk neuroblastoma.

Daratumumab is a type of immune therapy that acts by inhibiting the growth of cancer cells in MM via a surface protein called CD38. Daratumumab monotherapy is already licenced for relapsed/refractory MM. Pomalidomide in combination with dexamethasone is also currently licenced to treat relapsed/refractory MM. Early findings from trials have demonstrated that the addition of daratumumab to pomalidomide and dexamethasone may further stimulate the immune system and directly act against cancer cells in MM, potentially providing another treatment option for patients whose disease has progressed on previous treatments.

Niraparib is a medicinal product taken orally. It works by blocking a protein called poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP). It blocks the action of PARP-1 and PARP-2 enzymes that help in repairing damaged DNA in cells when they divide to make new cells. By blocking PARP enzymes, the damaged DNA in cancer cells cannot be repaired, and the cells die. If licensed, niraparib will offer an additional treatment option for men with mCRPC with DNA-repair anomalies.