Durvalumab and enfortumab vedotin with or without tremelimumab for muscle-invasive bladder cancer

Durvalumab and enfortumab vedotin with or without tremelimumab is currently in clinical development for patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), who are ineligible or refuse cisplatin therapy (a type of chemotherapy) and are receiving a radical cystectomy (removal of bladder and surrounding lymph nodes). MIBC is a cancer that spreads into the muscle layer of the bladder wall. The survival rates for patients with MIBC are low because this type of cancer is more likely to spread to other parts of the body. The current treatment option for patients with MIBC includes neoadjuvant (treatment given prior to main treatment, e.g., surgery) chemotherapy. The chemotherapy drug given to treat MIBC is called cisplatin. However, some patients are unable to receive this type of chemotherapy, which increases their risk of cancer spreading to other parts of the body. Therefore, alternative therapy options are required for this patient group.