Durvalumab with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin for treating non-muscle invasive bladder cancer

Durvalumab is in clinical development for the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Bladder cancer is when cancerous cells develop in the lining of the bladder. NMIBC is the most common type of bladder cancer and is categorised by risk. High risk NMIBC is when cancerous cells are likely to persist or return after treatment, this means people with this type might require additional treatment and monitoring. Current treatment for patients with high risk NMIBC is surgery to remove the bladder and a course of the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine. NMBIC recurrence rate is high when treated with BCG alone, and surgical removal of the bladder is an invasive procedure.