Ciclosporin ophthalmic solution for treating moderate-to-severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye disease)

Ciclosporin A (CsA) ophthalmic solution is currently in clinical development for treating adult patients with moderate-to-severe Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca, also known as dry eye disease (DED). Dry eye is caused by a problem with tears and the ocular surface which develops when the eye does not produce enough tears, or the tears are not of the right quality, or the tears do not spread across the front of the eye properly when blinking. This would affect the quality of the tear film and cause potential damage to the ocular surface. DED is usually more common as people get older, although it can occur at any age, it is more common in women, especially after menopause or during pregnancy due to hormonal changes. Symptoms of DED include discomfort, redness, itchy, dryness, pain, foreign body sensation, irritation, and watery eyes. Typically, this condition does not cause a permanent change in vision but may blur eyesight for short periods. There is no cure for dry eye, but treatments can help the eyes feel more comfortable and keep symptoms at bay.